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June 2004 CANISTER Newsletter
Written by Jim Ogden, Chattanooga CWRT President
Canister
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Another Round Of
CANISTER
From The Chattanooga Civil War Round Table
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VOLUME XXI JUNE 15, 2004 NO. 6
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www.chattanoogacwrt.org
JUNE ROUND TABLE MEETING
Visitors & Guests Welcome

DATE: TUESDAY, JUNE 15, 2004 TIME: 7:00 PM

TOPIC: "BISHOP-GENERAL LEONIDAS POLK"

SPEAKER: JOHN EVANS, HISTORIAN

PLACE: MILLIS-EVANS ROOM, CALDWELL HALL, ACADEMIC QUADRANGLE, THE MCCALLIE SCHOOL, HISTORIC MISSIONARY RIDGE

(Directions to Caldwell Hall-Enter the McCallie School campus off of Dodds Avenue opposite the end of Bailey Avenue. Take the main drive into the campus and follow the signs for the Academic Quadrangle. There is a parking area there beside the Chapel and you will have passed Caldwell Hall on the right as you approach the parking area. Find a place and park. Caldwell Hall will be behind you as you park. Come in either the first or second floor doors and follow the signs to the Millis-Evans Room.)

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JUNE MEETING "Gen. Polk killed June 14, 1864."

On the pleasantly cool morning of June 15, 1864, one hundred and forty years ago today, skirmishers of O. O. Howard's 4th Corps found that statement carved on a tree as they scrambled into the now abandoned Confederate works atop Pine Mountain in Georgia's Cobb County. Nearby is a mass of clotted blood fragments of flesh and bone. This is confirmation that, indeed, on the day before, a projectile from a Union artillery piece had struck and killed one of the most senior and widely recognized of Confederate generals. And so had ended the career of the Bishop General Leonidas Polk.

Senior and widely recognized was Lieutenant General Leonidas Polk. But, he was also a very influential personality in the Antebellum and Confederate South, and he is also one of the controversial of the senior leaders in the Confederacy's bid for independence. Born a North Carolinian but of the Polk's usually associated with Tennessee, where he himself lived for years, Leonidas Polk was a West Point graduate one year ahead of Jefferson Davis who soon resigned to take his calling in the Episcopal ministry. As a man of the cloth, he rose to increasingly important positions in the faith of so many of the South's leading families. As the Bishop of Louisiana, he was one of the principals in the establishment of the University of the South (a goal decided upon on Lookout Mountain) in the closing months of the 1850's. When the war began, his public prominence and his long friendship with then Confederate President Davis ensured him an early and important position in the new army of the South. But military education, respect, and prominence did not ensure always well received performance. Particularly under Braxton Bragg, Bishop General Polk was frequently at the center of controversy. His gruesome death atop Pine Mountain during the Atlanta Campaign 140 years ago this week only punctuated his storied career.

Our speaker this month, John Evans, is a member of the Atlanta Civil War Round Table and is the director of the Leonidas Polk Registry Research Project, a largely online effort to amass information on The Fighting Bishop in preparation for the up-coming bicentennial of Polk's birth and the commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the founding and creation of the University of the South.

Come out and learn more about this most important of Confederate figures, particularly to our area, and the unique project documenting his life.

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SPEAKER'S FUND SUPPORT OF THE MONTH
There are four items this month. The first item is a copy of Dr. Joseph H. Park's standard biography of this month's subject, General Leonidas Polk, C. S. A.: The Fighting Bishop. The second item is a copy of Noah Trudeau's book on another campaign of 1864 whose 140th anniversary is being commemorated this year, The Last Citadel: Petersburg, Virginia, June, 1864 - April, 1865. The third item is a copy of Bucky and Nat Hughes's Quiet Places: The Burial Sites of Civil War Generals in Tennessee, an insightful reference that will lead you to such interesting individuals as Alfred E. "Mudwall" Jackson, an important figure in the war in East Tennessee and Southwest Virginia. The fourth item is all six issues of Civil War for 1995. Articles in these issues include such topics as "Federals Feel the Forrest Thump," "Dying With Grant in '64," "Peter Cozzens on Bragg at Chattanooga," and "The Evils of Big Government by Jefferson Davis," The second, third and fourth items were donated to the Round Table by members for the benefit of the Speaker's Fund and to those donors go our thanks. Proceeds from the Speaker's Fund go toward bringing speakers in from outside the area. Your support of the Speaker's Fund is appreciated.
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SPEAKER'S FUND II
The winner of March's framed miniature Kunstler print left it beside their chair at the end of the meeting. I'll have it at this month's meeting again it they would like to claim it. If it is not claimed this month, June, we'll offer it again in July.
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WEBSITE OF THE MONTH
We haven't run this feature for some time, but our speaker this month maintains a website at which it is worth taking a look. The address for the site is: www.leonidaspolk.org It's an ever growing collection of information on the Confederacy's Fighting Bishop.
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FUTURE ROUND TABLE MEETINGS
July 20, 2004 - "The Battle of LaFayette," Field Trip and Off-site Meeting, Walker County Historical Society's Marsh-Warthen House, LaFayette, Georgia; we'll arrange a car-pool convoy for this special trip to learn about one of the smaller local battles from 140 years ago; more details later.
August 17, 2004 -
September 21, 2004 -
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UP-COMING LOCAL CIVIL WAR EVENTS OF NOTE
October 16, 2004--Bus tour of Hood's North Georgia Campaign, October 1864, sponsored by the Friends of Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, more details later.
November 11-13, 2004--12th Annual Symposium on the 19th Century Press, the Civil War, and Free Expression, sponsored by the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga's Department of Communications, more details later.
February 5-6, 2005--Northwest Georgia Trade & Convention Center, I-75 Exit 333, Walnut Avenue, Dalton, Georgia, 9-5 Saturday, 9-3 Sunday; more details later.
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Webmaster's Note:

A two-page insert was in this month's issue. The first page was a copy of the Calendar of Events page for the period June 1 through August 22, 2004 from the Southern Museum of Civil War and Locomotive History website: www.southernmuseum.org/calendar.html.

On the second page was a copy of the page of events from the Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park's website schedule of events for June 26 & June 27, 2004 to commemorate the 140th anniversary of the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain. That website is located at: www.nps.gov/kemo/. The schedule of events is located at: www.nps.gov/kemo/pphtml/eventdetail13000.html/.

Take note that any viewing of these pages in the future will list different events from those published in this month's issue of CANISTER.

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DAILY TELEGRAPH Macon, Georgia June 30, 1864
Head'qrs Florida Brigade,
Camp near Marietta, GA., June 26, 1864
Editors Appeal: --Having seen several accounts of the circumstances attending the death of Lieut-General Polk, none of which were exactly correct; and I being with him at the time of his demise, and cognizant of all the facts attending this sad calamity, I suppose a correct and accurate account of the circumstances will be interesting to the public and particularly to his family.

I being at the time in command of this brigade, then occupying the most prominent position on Pine ridge.

About eleven o'clock on the morning of the 14th inst., Gens. Johnston, Hardee and Polk, accompanied by their staffs, arrived at my camps for the purpose of examining the situation, (Pine Ridge being about one and a quarter miles in advance of our main line). We went to the highest point on the ridge occupied by Capt. Beauregard's battery.

Before reaching this point, I asked the generals not to allow more than three or four persons to go with us, as a large crowd would be sure to attract the fire of the enemy. All dropped back except Gens. Johnston, Hardee, and Polk. When we arrived at the battery, I mounted the parapet and commenced pointing out the positions of the enemy's lines, batteries, &c. In about ten minutes there came a shower of minnie balls from the enemy's sharpshooters. I turned and saw that a large crowd had collected around the battery. I turned and told the generals that unless the crowd scattered, their artillery would open. I had scarcely got down from the parapet when a solid shot from the enemy's battery came over our heads. I then urged the generals to get under the hill, but none seemed inclined to do this. I then urged them to the right of the brigade line, General Hardee saying he wished to see the right of my line.

We had walked but about ten paces from the battery when a second shot came. We walked on some paces further when a third shot was fired. I looked around but did not see Gen. Polk. Something had attracted his attention, and he stopped behind. A moment after and some one exclaimed: "General Polk is killed!" Gen. Hardee immediately turned to go to him. I caught him by the arm and told him he must not expose himself. Gen. Johnston came up to us at this time, and as soon as he heard the sad intelligence, also started back. I asked him not to go, that our loss was sufficently great already, that he could do no good, and that if he and Gen. Hardee would go to my headquarters, I would have the body brought off. With much reluctance and hearts almost overcome with grief, they complied with my request, when I sent with litter bearers and had the body brought off the field.

The fatal shot was a three inch solid shot. It struck General Polk in the left side, passing through him, breaking both arms, I think, though I did not examine the wound very closely. I suppose he was walking at the time he was struck. Gens. Johnston and Hardee seemed almost overcome with grief The event was so sudden, unexpected, and calamitous that it cost them and many others great efforts to restrain their tears.

Let me here remark, that our prominent generals are constantly exposing their lives to unnecessary danger. I trust that this sad lesson may be turned to good account by those who survive. I subscribe myself, respectfully, your obedient servant.

W. S. Dillworth
Colonel

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